Fuel vaporizer for carburetors



M. 0. SMITH.

FUEL VAPORIZEH FOR CARBURETORS.

APPLICATION FILED 1AN.25, 1918.

1,405,633. Patented Feb. 7, 1922..

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

nannrcn o. slrrrn,

F DALLAS, TEXAS.

FUEL VAPORIZER FOB. CABBURETORS.

A with carburetors for hydrocarbon fuel engines and in such connectionit relates more particularly to the construction and arrangement of suchheater or vaporizer.

The heavier hydrocarbons including crude oil or its derivatives fromrefining operations such as kerosene, etc., can be used as fuel forinternal combustion engines provided that such oil can be heated before-entrance into the cylinders and after admixture with air in thecarburetor to a temperature at which the oils readily vaporize andcommingle with the air to form an explosive charge.

My invention consists essentially in providing a fuel heater orvaporizer arranged to be readily attached to the engine and con nectedto a carburetor of any well known type, said heater comprising a hollowcasting wherein a certain tubular portion comprises an exhaust manifoldand a certain tubular and enlarged portion comprises an inlet manifold,the enlarged portion-projecting into the exhaust manifold in such manneras to be surrounded by the exhaust at the point where the charge entersthe inlet manifold from the carburetor.

The nature and scope of my invention will be more fully understood fromthe following description taken in connection with the accompanyingdrawings forming part hereof, in which- Y Figure l is a side elevationalview of a manifold structure embodying my inventionand designed to heatthe lmixture from a carburetor.

Figure 2 is a longitudinal sectional view lof the same, the sectiontaken on line, 2 2 of Fig. 3.

Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view taken on line 3 3 of Figure 2. j

Figure 4 is a cross sectional view taken on line 4 4 of Fig. 2, and

F igure-5 isa cross sectional view taken on line 5 5of Fig. 2.

Referring to the drawings, the casting has Specification of LettersPatenti Patente-d Feb. 7, 1922.

Application lcd January 25, '1918. Serial No. 213,711.`

an upper horizontally arranged tubular portion l into which ports 2,conducting the exhaust yfrom the engine, (not shown) empty at points inthe under surface of said portion l. The tubular portion l connects byan elbow or bend 3 with the lower somewhat U-shaped tubular portion 4which in turn terminates in a nipple 5 for connection with the exhaustpipe (not shown.)

In the space between the upper portion l and lower portion 4 of theexhaust manifold is located the intake chamber consisting of thehorizontal tubular portion 6 terminating at each end in a bend 7 leadingto or terminating in a port 8 the ports 8 connecting respectively theintakechamber with the common intake for the first and second enginesand a common intake for the third and fourth engines. l

Intermediate of its ends' the tubular portion 6 is expanded into anenlargement 9 extending into the lower portion 4 to deform the wallsthereof so that the base of said enlargement is surrounded and encircledby the lower portion of said exhaust manifold and therefore arranged tobe heated by the gases passino' through portion 4 and diverted by thedeformation of the assage through said portion so as to encirc e thelower portion of said enlargement. 1

The enlargement 9 is connected by elbow 10 with a carburetor (not shown)and a portion of this\elbow 10 traverses the portion 4 of the exhaustmanifold so` that it will be encircled lwith and heated by the gases intheir passage through said portion 4. The bowl 9 and its elbow 10diverge from the vertical plane of the exhaust manifold (see Fi 3)l forgreater convenience in the attac Vent ofthe elbow l0 to the carburetor.

The attachment may be readilysecured to the side framing of the enginethrough'turn buckles 11 or other suitable fastenings.

I have found from actual operation of my device that the mixture fromthe carburetor of dry gas out of various kinds of fuel of whlch thefollowing is an example. The gasoline of to-day is of about forty-nineSpecific gravity and it takes a certain degree of heat to form a drygas, in other words, to Separate the liquid particles from' the gasolinewhen it is vaporized; and by the enlargement of the intake tube, acertain amount of gas is held in reserve, that is-not all ofthe gas iswithdrawn from the enlargement during the intake stroke of the motor, sothat it has time to become highly heated and thus give a gas which ismore explosive and powerful than a moist gas would be. It is alsopossible to use my device with coal oil or kerosene. This takes agreater degree of heat to form into a dry gas, but when it is convertedit has more power than gasoline and being cheaper, ef-

fects quite a saving. By putting dry gasv into an engine, that is, a gasin which no liquids are present, .the thinning of lubricating oil in thecrank case ,is eliminated, whereas, if a liquid fuel is drawn into thecylinder a certain amount is bound to be carried down into the crankcase by the piston rings and thus ruin the life of the lu-v bricatingoil. Furthermore, dry gas ignites a great deal quicker than raw orliquid fuel. I have also been able by the use of my device to run aninternal combustion engine of the explosive type with filtered crudeoil.

Having thus described the nature and objects of my invention what Iclaim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

l. A manifold structure for heating explosive mixtures from thecarburetor of an internal explosive engine, comprising' an gine, atubular intake formed integral with and lying along the upper portion ofthe lower tubular exhaust member, an enlargement formed on said tubularintake and extending into the lower tubular exhaust. and an elbow formedintegral with said enlargement and extending through the lower tubularexhaust, whereby a dry gas is delivered to the engine. l

2. A manifold structure comprising upper and lower integrally formedtubular exhaust members communicating with each other at one end, theupper member adapted to receive the exhaust of an internal combustionengine, a tubular intake member formed integral with the lower tubularexhaust and located between the upper and lower tubular exhaust members,an outlet formed at each end 0f said intake member, an enlargementformed midway between said outlets and extending into the lower exhaustmember, said enlargement acting as a reservoir for the fuel to insurethe heating thereof, an elbow formed integral with the lower part 0f thesaid enlargement and extending through the lower exhaust member, itsprojecting end adapted to be secured to a carburetor, whereby a highlyheated dry gas is delivered to the cylinders of an internal combustionengine.

In testimony whereof I have signed 4my y name to this specification.

MAURICE O. SMITH.

